Boys and girls in Sweden compete equally, even in areas of competition that are clearly identified as female- or male-typed.

Vocational training programs increase young women’s actual wages and opportunities for paid employment in the formal sector.

Providing adolescent girls with access to menstrual cups in Nepal did not increase their school attendance or performance.

A village councilor’s caste was more salient than their gender in their decisions to determine access to water for low caste communities.

Female students perform significantly better in introductory math and science courses if taught by female faculty, and they are more likely to pursue majors in science, technology, engineering or math.

Strict gender norms constrain women’s entrepreneurial opportunities.

Increasing women’s control over assets and encouraging them to set goals leads to increased decision-making for women in households.

Asking consumers to share the cost of insecticide-treated nets, even a small amount, significantly decreases their use by pregnant women, which increases their risk of malaria.

Reserving political seats for women increases female electoral participation and responsiveness to women’s policy concerns.

Exposure to women leaders decreases gender bias and improves women’s future electoral prospects.