Gender Action Portal

Browse 259 studies aiming to close gender gaps.

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Political Participation

Topic Overview

Political Participation

By revealing the social, cultural, and structural barriers to women’s political suffrage, we can design policies and practices to increase women’s vote and voice in the public sphere. Different policies and revised cultural expectations can help us close the gender gap to establish women’s full participation in their governments.

Melanin and Curls: Evaluation of Black Women Candidates

For Black voters, skin tone and hairstyle may play important, interactive roles in their responses to Black women candidates.

Danielle Casarez Lemi, Nadia E. Brown (2019)

Does Exposure to Gender Role Models Increase Women’s Political Ambition? A Field Experiment with Politicians

Exposure to gender role models increases women’s interest in political current events but does not increase their ambition to become involved in politics.

Florian Foos, Fabrizio Gilardi (2020)

Women Leaving the Playpen: The Emancipating Role of Female Suffrage

Being socialized at a young age in a society with female political empowerment, specifically women’s suffrage, increases a girl’s likelihood to participate in the labor force, divorce, and attain education as an adult.

Michaela Slotwinski, Alois Stutzer (2019)

Why Might Information Exacerbate the Gender Gap in Civic Participation? Evidence from Mali

A civic education course successfully improved political knowledge among women in Mali, but had a negative impact on their civic participation.

Jessica Gottlieb (2016)

Women Don’t Run? Election Aversion and Candidate Entry

Women and men are equally likely to volunteer as group representatives when chosen randomly, but women are less likely than men to run in an election.

Kristin Kanthak, Jonathan Woon (2015)

Does Women’s Knowledge of Voting Rights Affect Their Voting Behaviour in Village Elections? Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in China

For women in rural China, training on voting rights and responsibilities increased their participation in village elections.

Xiaopeng Pang, Junxia Zeng, Scott Rozelle (2013)

Power, Conflict, and Community: How Gendered Views of Political Power Influence Women’s Political Ambition

Women’s perceptions of the tasks and goals associated with a political career impact their level of political ambition.

Monica C. Schneider, Mirya R. Holman, Amanda B. Diekman, Thomas McAndrew (2016)

Why Women Don’t Run: Experimental Evidence on Gender Differences in Political Competition Aversion

Highlighting the competitive nature of the political process discourages politically active women—but not men—from seeking information on running for office.

Jessica Preece, Olga Stoddard (2015)

Empowering Women through Development Aid: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Afghanistan

Mandating female participation in local governance increases female mobility and involvement in village councils, but does not affect overall perceptions of the role of women in society.

Andrew Beath, Fotini Christia, Ruben Enikolopov (2013)

Do Electoral Quotas Work after They Are Withdrawn? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in India

Quotas have continuing positive effects on women’s political representation at least one cycle after they are withdrawn.

Rikhil Bhavnani (2009)

Topic Overview

Political Participation

Does Exposure to Gender Role Models Increase Women’s Political Ambition? A Field Experiment with Politicians

Exposure to gender role models increases women’s interest in political current events but does not increase their ambition to become involved in politics.

Florian Foos, Fabrizio Gilardi (2020)

Why Might Information Exacerbate the Gender Gap in Civic Participation? Evidence from Mali

A civic education course successfully improved political knowledge among women in Mali, but had a negative impact on their civic participation.

Jessica Gottlieb (2016)

Does Women’s Knowledge of Voting Rights Affect Their Voting Behaviour in Village Elections? Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in China

For women in rural China, training on voting rights and responsibilities increased their participation in village elections.

Xiaopeng Pang, Junxia Zeng, Scott Rozelle (2013)

Why Women Don’t Run: Experimental Evidence on Gender Differences in Political Competition Aversion

Highlighting the competitive nature of the political process discourages politically active women—but not men—from seeking information on running for office.

Jessica Preece, Olga Stoddard (2015)

Do Electoral Quotas Work after They Are Withdrawn? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in India

Quotas have continuing positive effects on women’s political representation at least one cycle after they are withdrawn.

Rikhil Bhavnani (2009)

Melanin and Curls: Evaluation of Black Women Candidates

For Black voters, skin tone and hairstyle may play important, interactive roles in their responses to Black women candidates.

Danielle Casarez Lemi, Nadia E. Brown (2019)

Women Leaving the Playpen: The Emancipating Role of Female Suffrage

Michaela Slotwinski, Alois Stutzer (2019)

Women Don’t Run? Election Aversion and Candidate Entry

Women and men are equally likely to volunteer as group representatives when chosen randomly, but women are less likely than men to run in an election.

Kristin Kanthak, Jonathan Woon (2015)

Power, Conflict, and Community: How Gendered Views of Political Power Influence Women’s Political Ambition

Women’s perceptions of the tasks and goals associated with a political career impact their level of political ambition.

Monica C. Schneider, Mirya R. Holman, Amanda B. Diekman, Thomas McAndrew (2016)

Empowering Women through Development Aid: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Afghanistan

Mandating female participation in local governance increases female mobility and involvement in village councils, but does not affect overall perceptions of the role of women in society.

Andrew Beath, Fotini Christia, Ruben Enikolopov (2013)