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Compensation

Topic Overview

Compensation

In every country in the world, a significant gender wage gap exists and persists. What can policymakers and organizations do to ensure women get fairly compensated for their work? Discover groundbreaking research that lends insight into what causes – and closes – the global gender wage gap.

Valuing Alternative Work Arrangements

Though most workers are not willing to accept lower wages for some types of flexible work arrangements (e.g., scheduling flexibility to set their own days and times of work at a fixed number of hours, or the ability to choose the number of hours they work), women are generally more willing than men to give up more of their pay in exchange for flexible work options such as working from home and avoiding irregular work hours, especially if they have young children.

Amanda Pallais, Alexandre Mas (2017)

The Effect of Task Choice and Task Assignment on the Gender Wage Gap: An Experimental Study

In an experimental study in the U.S., when women are assigned a harder, higher-paid task, they experience an increase in earnings, regardless of whether they stated a preference for an easier or more challenging task.

Kai Ou, Xiaofei Pan (2021)

Who Can Lean In? The Intersecting Role of Race and Gender in Negotiations

In the United States, differences in salary negotiation behavior are shaped by both gender and race. White women, Asian women, and Asian men feared more backlash for being too demanding in negotiations, as compared to White men.

Negin R. Toosi, Shira Mor, Zhaleh Semnani-Azad, Katherine W. Phillips, Emily T. Amanatullah (2019)

Challenge-seeking and the gender wage gap: A lab-in-the-field experiment with cleaning personnel

A greater range of task options can motivate female employees to take on challenges and, as a result, benefit from potential higher earnings.

Frauke von Bieberstein, Stefanie Jaussi, Claudia Vogel (2020)

Crimes Against Morality: Unintended Consequences of Criminalizing Sex Work

Criminalizing sex work in low-income settings like Indonesia decreases earnings of the female sex workers and increases the prevalence of STI infections.

Lisa Cameron, Jennifer Seager, Manisha Shah (2021)

Can Simple Advice Eliminate the Gender Gap in Willingness to Compete?

Simple advice can be a powerful and effective tool in reducing gender differences in willingness to compete.

Dany Kessel, Johanna Mollerstrom, Roel van Veldhuizen (2019)

Does Gender Matter for Small Business Performance? Experimental Evidence from India

The gender profit gap in micro-enterprises is likely to be driven by gender differences in access to capital and business inputs rather than seller behavior or demand-side constraints.

Solène Delecourt, Odyssia Ng (2019)

Do women want to work more or more regularly? Evidence from a natural experiment

In France, a four-day school week schedule affected mothers’ professional advancement and contributed to the gender wage gap.

Emma Duchini, Clémentine Van Effenterre (2018)

A Gender Bias in the Attribution of Creativity: Archival and Experimental Evidence for the Perceived Association Between Masculinity and Creative Thinking

Common views of creativity favor stereotypically masculine traits, leading people to perceive women as less creative, and less deserving of recognition and reward.

Devon Proudfoot, Aaron C. Kay, Christy Z. Koval (2015)

Constraints and Triggers: Situational Mechanics of Gender in Negotiation

Gender gaps are more likely to emerge in negotiations when there is a lack of clarity about compensation or price standards.

Hannah Riley Bowles, Linda Babcock, Kathleen McGinn (2005)

Topic Overview

Compensation

The Effect of Task Choice and Task Assignment on the Gender Wage Gap: An Experimental Study

Kai Ou, Xiaofei Pan (2021)

Challenge-seeking and the gender wage gap: A lab-in-the-field experiment with cleaning personnel

A greater range of task options can motivate female employees to take on challenges and, as a result, benefit from potential higher earnings.

Frauke von Bieberstein, Stefanie Jaussi, Claudia Vogel (2020)

Can Simple Advice Eliminate the Gender Gap in Willingness to Compete?

Simple advice can be a powerful and effective tool in reducing gender differences in willingness to compete.

Dany Kessel, Johanna Mollerstrom, Roel van Veldhuizen (2019)

Do women want to work more or more regularly? Evidence from a natural experiment

In France, a four-day school week schedule affected mothers’ professional advancement and contributed to the gender wage gap.

Emma Duchini, Clémentine Van Effenterre (2018)

Constraints and Triggers: Situational Mechanics of Gender in Negotiation

Gender gaps are more likely to emerge in negotiations when there is a lack of clarity about compensation or price standards.

Hannah Riley Bowles, Linda Babcock, Kathleen McGinn (2005)

Valuing Alternative Work Arrangements

Amanda Pallais, Alexandre Mas (2017)

Who Can Lean In? The Intersecting Role of Race and Gender in Negotiations

Negin R. Toosi, Shira Mor, Zhaleh Semnani-Azad, Katherine W. Phillips, Emily T. Amanatullah (2019)

Crimes Against Morality: Unintended Consequences of Criminalizing Sex Work

Criminalizing sex work in low-income settings like Indonesia decreases earnings of the female sex workers and increases the prevalence of STI infections.

Lisa Cameron, Jennifer Seager, Manisha Shah (2021)

Does Gender Matter for Small Business Performance? Experimental Evidence from India

The gender profit gap in micro-enterprises is likely to be driven by gender differences in access to capital and business inputs rather than seller behavior or demand-side constraints.

Solène Delecourt, Odyssia Ng (2019)

A Gender Bias in the Attribution of Creativity: Archival and Experimental Evidence for the Perceived Association Between Masculinity and Creative Thinking

Common views of creativity favor stereotypically masculine traits, leading people to perceive women as less creative, and less deserving of recognition and reward.

Devon Proudfoot, Aaron C. Kay, Christy Z. Koval (2015)

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