A competitive fellowship program had a positive effect on the performance of male students, but not of female students.

Professional women suffer negative consequences for displays of emotion in the workplace, while professional men are accorded benefits for similar behaviors.

Higher levels of testosterone are associated with more aggression, particularly among older women and younger men.

Against their best interest, low-ability men compete too often, and high-ability women do not compete enough.

Men’s self-perceptions of the degree to which they fulfill stereotypically masculine traits change when they are placed in either subordinate or superior social positions.

Contraception use among use women at risk for unintended pregnancy increases 2 months after they were involved in a pregnancy prevention counseling intervention, but program effects diminish at 12 months. 

Moving from poor to more affluent neighborhoods benefits adults and female youth, but has adverse effects for male youth.

During peer learning activities in physics class, female students paired with other females learn better than those paired with males.

School choice programs lead to greater improvements in test scores for white girls than other groups.

A school-based health program delivering iron supplementation and deworming medication increased girls’ school attendance.