Access to a formalized savings account substantially improves female small-business owners’ overall savings and investment in business operations in Kenya.

Conditional cash transfers improve educational outcomes, while at the same time, unconditional cash transfers reduce teenage pregnancy and marriage.

Vocational training programs increase young women’s actual wages and opportunities for paid employment in the formal sector.

Conditional cash transfers to women, aimed at increasing children’s school enrollment and family health in Mexico, had modest effects on their marriage or divorce rates.

When women receive public assistance payments, they channel resources to benefit all household members, particularly children.

Moving from poor to more affluent neighborhoods benefits adults and female youth, but has adverse effects for male youth.

A residential relocation program had minimal impact on the dynamics of participating families, though families who relocated to low poverty neighborhoods display harsher parenting practices toward their daughters.

Welfare payments to single mothers in Canada with children had opposite effects in different provinces on marriage and cohabitation decisions, suggesting social norms overrode economic incentives.