A combination of vocational and life skill training improves adolescent girls’ income-generating opportunities and social empowerment while reducing early childbearing and desired fertility rates.

Enabling a woman to make her own decision about having children -- independently from her husband -- can reduce unwanted pregnancies.

Sex workers who undergo a comprehensive training program focused on improved agency and psychological empowerment exhibit positive changes in self-esteem, outlook, future-orientation, and health and economic behaviors.

Conditional cash transfers improve educational outcomes, while at the same time, unconditional cash transfers reduce teenage pregnancy and marriage.

A public health campaign warning about the increased risk of HIV associated with older partners decreased teen pregnancy (a proxy for unprotected sex), while abstinence-only education did not.

Providing adolescent girls with access to menstrual cups in Nepal did not increase their school attendance or performance.

Asking consumers to share the cost of insecticide-treated nets, even a small amount, significantly decreases their use by pregnant women, which increases their risk of malaria.

Improved economic conditions for women in China increase girls’ survival and children’s educational attainment.

Contraception use among use women at risk for unintended pregnancy increases 2 months after they were involved in a pregnancy prevention counseling intervention, but program effects diminish at 12 months. 

Family planning programs can significantly decrease lifetime fertility, but have no impact on child work and schooling.